Battery Technology Competition
2008 Beijing Auto Show, its own brand of new energy technologies in the collective display its power, Chery, Geely, BYD, and Great Wall have launched a new energy vehicles. Chery A5 ISG hybrid has been on the Development and Reform Commission catalog, specific performance can evaluate by consumers themselves. Geely and Great Wall launched a pure electric vehicles. Introduction of iron-based BYD dual-mode hybrid vehicle batteries.
History of electric vehicles grow rough
It sounds like pure electric cars the future world of products, as early as 1837, the Scots invented the pure electric vehicles. Of course, when the performance of electric vehicles can not be present in the same category. Since then, research on electric cars come and go boom. There have been times, pure electric vehicle technology stagnation, we lost confidence in electric vehicles, GM and Ford to close the electric car factory. The fate of electric cars and energy crisis is the opposite complementary to each other, the energy crisis more serious, we study the electric car, the stronger power. The current rising oil prices, but also aroused the car manufacturers of the passion of pure electric vehicles.
Battery or battery
Pure electric vehicles is the biggest bottleneck in the battery. The requirements of the battery electric vehicles is relatively high, high specific energy, high specific power, fast charge and discharge function with depth, circulation and long service life. Lead-acid battery as a relatively mature technology, although its specific energy, specific power and energy density are relatively low, but high cost and high rate discharge, become the only mass produced electric vehicle batteries. Nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-hydrogen battery although performance is better than lead-acid batteries, but its cost is not high, heavy metals, depleted after abandonment may result in serious pollution of the environment.
Currently, more and more researchers using the battery as a power battery electric vehicles, because lithium-ion battery has the following advantages: high voltage (a nickel-cadmium battery Hydrogen - Nickel batteries 3 times); than the energy of large ( up to 165WH / kg, nickel-hydrogen battery is 3 times); small size; the quality of light; long cycle life; self-discharge rate; no memory effect; no pollution. If the use of lithium-ion batteries, electric vehicle cost is difficult to reduce. Lithium iron phosphate is also a lithium battery, the lithium cobalt oxide specific energy less than half, but its safe, can reach 2,000 cycles, the discharge stability, low cost, a dynamic new vehicle choice.
BYD’s “iron battery” because the official did not disclose the exact information, the industry thinks that it is more likely lithium iron phosphate, iron battery less likely. High is to high ferric iron battery cathode materials, such as: high-iron barium, potassium ferrate electrochemical cell system composed of water. Ferrate for the first time that Israeli scientists cathode material, but the high-iron battery stability and security is poor, very slow progress in applied research, is still in the preliminary study stage.
Pure electric vehicle is actually a hen can lay golden eggs, which not only play a catalytic role on the battery technology, but also promote the development of other new technologies, such as electrical systems, drive systems, energy management systems and so on.
Electric drive motor vehicles belonging to the special motor, a key component of the electric car. For electric cars with good performance, drive motor should have a wide speed range and high speed, large enough starting torque, small size, light weight, high efficiency and a strong and dynamic braking energy feedback performance. Current electric motors used in vehicles, the DC motor has been largely motors, permanent magnet motor or switched reluctance motor replaced. Motors used in electric vehicles is the high-power, high speed, high efficiency and miniaturization.
In addition to single-motor drive electric vehicles, electric vehicles can achieve four-wheel drive, which is assigned to each wheel hub motors. Four-wheel drive electric vehicle can omit the internal combustion engine vehicles required mechanical shift control devices, clutches, automatic transmission, drive shaft and mechanical differential, etc., so the drive system and vehicle structural arrangement is very compact, high transmission efficiency.
With a highly developed modern computer control technology, direct control of the wheel speed, wheel enables the electrical and electronic drive-slip differential to improve driving and handling stability. Reasonable distribution of the electric wheel by the driving force, can increase the speed limit performance and poor road conditions, driving performance.
Instantaneous changing vehicle operating conditions need to properly control the motor and batteries. Control system should be simple, fast response, anti-interference ability, parameters is robust. Control system should also have a braking energy recovery features to enhance Mileage. Brake energy recovery system consists of a super capacitor or flywheel and its controller, which uses super capacitors or flywheels absorb regenerative braking energy, a very prominent advantages.
When braking, the motor works in generating conditions, a portion of kinetic energy or gravitational potential energy into electrical energy stored in super capacitors or flywheels, because the super capacitor or flywheel power density, can be more quickly and efficiently absorb the motor feedback energy. When starting and accelerating the vehicle, using bi-directional DC / DC will release the stored energy to help power the battery to the motor, not only increase the electric car a mileage charge, and avoid large current discharge batteries, energy saving achieved and reduce brake wear and to improve the battery life of purpose.
The prospects for electric vehicles
Almost all people think that electric cars are the future development trend, but every indication that the electric car is still quite distant from us. After all, to mention a few kilograms per day down the battery, you can exercise, if put down a few hundred kilograms of batteries, and most people can not do. Battery electric vehicle revolution played a decisive role, see the current pace of development, until the oil runs out of time, pure electric cars will be able to go where the classes took the fossil fuel engine.
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